Building evidence to support sustainable trade

Our world is facing a range of deeply interconnected challenges that pit profit against our planet. But could business be good for the environment, helping us to thrive in a changing world?

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At the University of Waikato we’re championing sustainability and providing the evidence to support businesses’ transitioning to a low-carbon economy, sharing knowledge and insights on issues impacting New Zealand and global business.

We are home to the New Zealand Economics Forum, launched in 2021, bringing together leading economists, business leaders and public sector officials to discuss the most pressing economic issues facing the country, and we are the base for the New Zealand Institute of Business Research.

Collaborative projects such as Āmiomio Aotearoa bring together mātauranga Māori and science to develop a circular economy for the wellbeing of New Zealand. We are also working to understand how Māori and Indigenous entrepreneurs balance cultural and commercial imperatives in business, unlocking new ways of operating more sustainably where business achievement and financial success are judged by the level of contributions to the wellbeing of people and the environment, rather than by individual gain.

Using experimental economics, and blending psychology and economics, we are decoding decision-making to help us understand where business and sustainability intersect and how we can make meaningful change towards a low-carbon future.

We are also looking at the dependency of green growth on our natural resources and the prospects for early-stage green investment opportunities in Australia and New Zealand to drive a green economy that delivers the innovations we need for sustainable success.

Our global finance researchers are also involved in pioneering research on financial markets and investment analysis, including the growth of digital and crypto currencies, the emergence of retail share trading platforms and mechanisms to mitigate new and long-standing risks to trade and global economic stability.

We’re committed to empowering businesses to respond effectively and thrive sustainably in our changing world.

2024 Highlights

We know that better outcomes for business and our economy can also equal better outcomes for people and our environment. Our research during 2024 focused on our developing carbon economy and building new options for trade where business is good for the environment, demonstrating that sustainable practices aren’t just an ethical choice but also a driver of profitability, efficiency, and broader benefits for our people and the planet.

Our research in 2024 focused on:

Our carbon economy

We interrogated questions at the intersection of corporate social responsibility (CSR), carbon emissions, and financial performance, focusing on how environmental factors influence firm valuations, financial decision-making, regulatory compliance and corporate transparency and accountability. Firms that adopt effective carbon management practices may gain a competitive advantage by reducing borrowing costs and improving investor confidence, while better designed regulations can drive environmental accountability without stifling economic growth.

Green innovation

Our researchers determined the financial mechanisms and investment dynamics that support green innovation, sustainable investments, and the green transition, particularly in the face of economic and energy-related volatility. We looked at the barriers green start-ups face, investment behaviour (including how green bonds and green and sustainable Exchange-Traded Funds are influenced by market activity), energy price volatility, and the impact of this for regulatory development.

Sustainable action

Meaningful climate action must balance environmental progress with economic outcomes. Our research addressed the interconnected challenges of effectively communicating climate change, implementing policy reforms and promoting business transparency to advance sustainability, and how businesses, governments and individuals engage with these issues.

Citations

Corporate social responsibility, carbon footprints and stock market valuation. Financial Markets, Institutions & Instruments, 33(3), 213–237. Benkraiem, R., Qureshi, M., Saeed, A., & Zopounidis, C. (2024). doi.org/10.1111/fmii.12193 
Culture, Denial, Recycling, Tree-Hugging: Many registers learning the seriousness of climate change. In T. Bowell, N. Pepperell, A. Richardson, & M.-T. Corino (Eds.), Revitalising Higher Education: Insights from Te Puna Aurei LearnFest 2022. Cardiff: Cardiff University Press. Burns, E. (2024). doi.org/10.18573/conf2.l
Mandatory environmental disclosure policy in the largest carbon emission country.
Pacific Accounting Review, 36(5), 527–560. Cai, W., Bai, M., & Davey, H. (2024). doi.org/10.1108/par-04-2023-0055
Navigating the green transition: the influence of energy volatility on green and sustainable ETFs. Applied Economics Letters, 1–7. Conlon, T., Corbet, S., & Hou, Y. (2024). doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2024.2337323
Less is more? Communicating SDG orientation and enterprises’ economic performance. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 22, e00470. Mann, E. C., Safari, N., Oetzel, J., Dillon, S., & Williamson, A. J. (2024). doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2024.e00470
Financing green innovation startups: a systematic literature review on early-stage SME funding. Venture Capital, 1–27. Mukherjee, A., Owen, R., Scott, J. M., & Lyon, F. (2024). doi.org/10.1080/13691066.2024.2410730
Fossil fuel subsidy removal, economic welfare, and environmental quality under alternative policy schemes. Journal of Cleaner Production, 450, 141991. Okorie, D. I., & Wesseh, P. K., Jr. (2024). doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.141991
Is transparency in sustainability the fruit of business trust: Evidence from sustainability disclosure? International Journal of Finance & Economics. Sun, Y., Su, K., Cai, W., & Bai, M. (2024). doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.3022
Green bonds and traditional and emerging investments: Understanding connectedness during crises. The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, 72, 102142. Xu, D., Hu, Y., Corbet, S., Hou, Y., & Oxley, L. (2024). doi.org/10.1016/j.najef.2024.102142
Return connectedness of green bonds and financial investment channels in China: Implications for hedging and regulation. Research in International Business and Finance, 70, 102329. Xu, D., Hu, Y., Corbet, S., & Lang, C. (2024). doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2024.102329

Sustainability stories

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Researchers are giving a voice to our planet by using the language of science to reveal the critical role that Antarctica plays in shaping our climate. 

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Climate change impacts all facets of the way society interacts with the environment, especially how and when to use space and resources wisely. 

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The University of Waikato is at the forefront of creating transformation that serves people, businesses and the environment. 

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Globally, chronic health conditions have placed resourcing demands upon already strained healthcare systems, thereby further exacerbating inequities. 

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The University of Waikato is a leader in marine conservation research, committed to protecting and restoring the health of our oceans and coastlines. 

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Our world is facing a range of deeply interconnected challenges that pit profit against our planet.